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　　文化背景和語言習(xí)慣的不同，中國人和西方人在表達(dá)方式上的明顯差異構(gòu)成了英漢語際翻譯中的不同因素，下面尚語翻譯公司為大家分享論文翻譯方法有哪些?

　　The differences in cultural background and language habits and the obvious differences in expression between Chinese and Westerners constitute different factors in English-Chinese interlingual translation. What are the translation methods of this paper?

　　1.增譯法(增補發(fā))

　　1. Additional translation method (additional and reissued)

　　增譯法是一種根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)、表達(dá)習(xí)慣、語義連貫和修辭手法把實詞與虛詞、句子成分、原文中省略的詞、主語、 概括性和解釋性詞增補到目標(biāo)文本中的翻譯方法。其目的是使得讀者更好地了解原文的隱含信息。

　　Augmented translation is a translation method that adds notional words and function words, sentence components, omitted words in the original text, subjects, general and explanatory words to the target text according to grammatical structure, expression habits, semantic coherence and rhetorical devices. Its purpose is to make readers better understand the implied information of the original text.

　　(1)增加一個適當(dāng)?shù)拿~

　　(1) Add an appropriate noun

　　(2)增加數(shù)量詞。

　　(2) Add quantity words.

　　(3)增加形容詞

　　(3) Add adjectives

　　(4)增加連詞。

　　(4) Add conjunctions.

　　(5)增加一個適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~。

　　(5) Add an appropriate verb.

　　2.減譯法(省略法)

　　2. Subtraction (ellipsis)

　　當(dāng)我們在做英漢語際翻譯時，我們或許會發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些在英文里不可或缺的詞和短語翻譯成中文時就變得多余了。換句話說，如果我們省略掉這些多余的詞的話，譯文會更加貼合目標(biāo)讀者的語言表達(dá)習(xí)慣。這種方法也叫做：省略法。正確使用省略法會是譯文簡介明了，通俗易懂。省略不是刪掉原文中的某些內(nèi)容，在不易減譯的情況下，不要隨便減。

　　When we do English Chinese interlingual translation, we may find that some indispensable words and phrases in English become redundant when translated into Chinese. In other words, if we omit these redundant words, the translation will be more in line with the language expression habits of the target readers. This method is also called ellipsis. The correct use of ellipsis will make the translation concise and easy to understand. Omitting is not to delete some content from the original text. Don't cut it casually when it is not easy to reduce translation.

　　(1) 省略代詞。

　　(1) Omit pronouns.

　　(2) 省略連詞。

　　(2) Omit conjunctions.

　　(3) 省略名詞。

　　(3) Omit nouns.

　　(4) 省略動詞。

　　(4) Omit verbs.

　　3.分譯法:

　　3. Interpretation method:

　　英語長句子比較多，漢語句子相對而言比較短。在翻譯時可以改變原文結(jié)構(gòu)，把原文的某個成分從原來的結(jié)構(gòu)中分離出來，譯成一個獨立成分、從句或并列分句。

　　There are many long sentences in English and relatively short sentences in Chinese. In translation, the structure of the original text can be changed, a component of the original text can be separated from the original structure and translated into an independent component, clause or parallel clause.

　　4.合譯法:

　　4. Combined translation method:

　　和分譯法不同，合譯法是將不同的句子成分組合在一起，使其更符合漢 語的表達(dá)方法。

　　Different from the separate translation method, the combined translation method combines different sentence components to make it more in line with the Chinese expression method.

　　5.反譯法:

　　5. Reverse translation:

　　一個問題有時可以從不同的角度來解釋說明。有些句子英語是從正面 說的，漢語可以從反面來解釋。

　　A problem can sometimes be explained from different angles. Some sentences are said from the front in English and can be explained from the back in Chinese.

　　(1) 否定譯成肯定。

　　(1) Negation translates into affirmation.

　　(2)肯定譯成否定。

　　(2) Positive translates into negative.

　　6.順序調(diào)整法:

　　6. Sequential adjustment method:

　　一般來說，翻譯時應(yīng)該按照句子原來的順序進行，但由于英漢兩 種語言中定語、狀語和一些其他成分的位置不完全相同，翻譯時需要做一定的調(diào)整(例如采用倒譯法)，使其符合漢語的習(xí)慣。

　　Generally speaking, the translation should be carried out according to the original order of sentences. However, due to the different positions of attributives, adverbials and some other components in English and Chinese, some adjustments (such as reverse translation) need to be made in translation to make it conform to Chinese habits.